Microstructural and Carbon Phase Analysis of Water Hyacinth Derived Biochar under Particle Size Variation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26877/lpt.v5i1.252Keywords:
biomass carbon, microstructure, particle size variation, SEM analysis, water hyacinth, XRD characterizationAbstract
Water hyacinth is an abundant lignocellulosic biomass with strong potential as a sustainable carbon source. This study aims to investigate the effect of particle size variation on the carbon phase and microstructural development of biomass-derived carbon from water hyacinth. The leaves of water hyacinth were used as a raw material, thoroughly washed, cut into small pieces, and sun-dried for 11 days until completely dry. The dried leaves were then ground into powder and sieved into three particle-size fractions of 60, 80, and 100 mesh, with 75 g prepared for each sample. Carbonization was conducted using a furnace at 900°C for 1 h under a limited-oxygen environment. Carbon phase characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while surface microstructure analysis was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that all samples exhibit a stable amorphous carbon phase, suggesting that particle size variation does not significantly influence carbon phase formation. However, particle size plays an important role in microstructural evolution, where finer particles promote more homogeneous morphology and enhanced pore development. These findings demonstrate that particle size acts as a microstructural control parameter without altering the resulting carbon phase, and they confirm the potential of water hyacinth leaves as a promising biomass precursor for carbon-based materials.
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Data Availability Statement
The SEM images, XRD raw data, and supporting characterization notes used in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. All shared data will be anonymized and provided in accordance with institutional regulations. No external repository is used for this dataset.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Amiliya Putri, Yana Taryana, Sigit Ristanto, Nur Khoiri, Affandi Faisal Kurniawan (Author)
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This journal publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
