Survival analysis of the recovery rate of typhoid fever using the Kaplan-Meier and Nelson-Aalen methods

Abstract

Typhoid fever remains a health problem with a high incidence in Indonesia. This study analyzes the recovery rate and identifies factors influencing the recovery of typhoid fever patients using the Kaplan-Meier, Nelson-Aalen, and Cox Proportional Hazard models. This quantitative study was based on data from 400 inpatients at Medan Haji General Hospital from January to December 2024. The variables studied included age, gender, type of antibiotic, and comorbidities. The results showed a median recovery time of five days, with a sharp decline after the fourth day. Patients without comorbidities had a higher chance of recovery, and comorbidities were shown to significantly influence the recovery rate (p < 0.001; HR = 1.626), while other variables were insignificant.